At least in 11 places in the kural does valluvar provide us the answer for these important ethical terms. Thiruvalluvar profile, biography and life history veethi. Tirukkural was originally known as muppal, meaning three sectioned book, as presented by its author himself at the kings court, since it contained three sections, viz. Vaiyapuri pillai deceived the idea that kural was written i. The first section opens with praise of god, rain, renunciation, and a life of virtue.
The work is dated to sometime between the third and first centuries bce and is considered to precede manimekalai and silappatikaram, since they both acknowledge the kural text. The third part is on kamam or inbam love, the psychological values of life. There are three parts that the tirukkural is divided into, namely, aram dharma virtue, porul arthawealth and. All letters, all written knowledge, have their start in alphabet a. Thirukkural is written as ballets and is divided into three sections aram, porul and inpam. Each chapter has a specific subject ranging from ploughing a piece of land to ruling a country. Tirukkural adhikarams the text of tirukkural is divided into three major sections. Aram contains 380 verses, porul with 700 and inbam with 250. Thirukkural or the kural is a collection of 30 tamil couplets organised into 3 chapters. Listen download all thirukkural adhikarams of thiruvalluvar 2.
Sacred coupletsalso spelled tirukural or thirukkural, also called kural, the most celebrated of the patirenkirkkanakku eighteen ethical works in tamil literature and a work that has had an immense influence on tamil culture and life. Tamil literature and thirukkural poet happiness is our true. The overall organisation of the thirukkural text is based on seven ideals prescribed for everyone. The division of tirukkural into three portionsvir tuous conduct. Section one deals with aram, good ethical behavior with conscience and thirukkural, also known as the kural, is a classic of couplets or kurals 30 rhyming tamil couplets or aphorisms celebrated by tamils.
Ganapati sthapati, a temple architect from tamil nadu. We conclude our three part introduction to the 2000 year old tamil classic on ethical living, the thirukkural, by looking at two popular themes from its three books. The thirukkural is structured into 3 chapters, each containing 10 couplets, for a total of 30 couplets. Oct 16, 2019 valluvar is not a jain or brahmin as claimed. The list will be displayed in tamil through an image. A cir is a single or a combination of more than one tamil word. Thirukkural tamil text, its paraphrase, roman rendering. It is usually attributed to the poet tiruvalluvar, who is thought to have lived in india in the 6th century, though some. The kural being an ethical treatise on the art of living, its author has left us with some maxims defining what he believed is real virtue, truthfulness, disgrace, folly etc. Translate thirukkural in hindi with contextual examples. He did not deal with the liberation section because, if any man follows the instructions given by the tamil sage properly without a flaw, he will surely attain liberation without any. Thirukkural has been translated into several languages,12 including a translation into latin by constanzo beschi in 1730, which helped make the work known to european intellectuals. There are 38 chapters in the first part, 70 chapters in the second part and 25. Ive been looking for a proper english translation and this is the only one with brevity.
A couplet or kural consists of seven cirs with four cirs on the first line and three on the second. Thirukural express is a super fast express train in india, running between kanniyakumari, the southernmost tip of the indian subcontinent and hazrat nizamuddin in new delhi, which is the national capital of the country. Feb 20, 2014 it is generally believed that the name thiruvalluvar consists of thiru a tamil word meaning honorable, similar to mr rather to the sankrit word shree and valluvar a polite name forvalluvan, according to tamil tradition. The tirukkural or thirukkural or shortly the kural, is a classic tamil sangam literature consisting of 30 couplets or kurals, dealing with the everyday. Its 3 sections of 10 couplets each are divided into three books. The wisdom of thirukkurala guide to livinga commentary. Thirukkural has been broadly divided into three parts, of which the first deals with aram virtue the moral value of life, the second discusses porul wealth, socioeconomic values of life, and the third on kamam love, depicts the psychological values of life.
Read thirukural with meaning in english about listening to. Of the three sections, thiruvalluvars second section porul is about twice the size of first section, and three times that of the third. The thirukkural is divided into three sections, comprising 3. This structure doesnt match the convention of my friend john smith. Sanskrit translation of thirukkural, written by sri thiruvalluvar 1st century bce, one of the greatest works on ethical livingwas written in tamil. There is also the recent claim that valluvar was a king who ruled valluvanadu in the hilly tracts of the kanyakumari district of present tamil nadu. In the 700 couplets on porul 53% of the text, thiruvalluvar mostly discusses statecraft and warfare. Probably only one of its kind,it uses the shortest type of couplets to convey the universal truths and practical wisdom. They are classified into three major divisions based on moralityaram. What are some simple steps i can take to protect my privacy online. The text is divided into three books, each with aphoristic teachings on virtue. According to the lifco tamiltamilenglish dictionary, the.
Jan 01, 2004 thirukkural,was written in tamil,a classic language of tamilnadu,south india by sri thiruvalluvar. The third dwells on inbam the pleasure that a man and a women experience in the course of their relationship. The second part is on porul wealth, the socio economic values of men in a civilized society. Im currently developing a thirukkural app for mobile, unlike the plethora of poorly designed thirukkural apps currently available. The thirukkural is one of the most important works in the tamil language. Tirukkural, or the kural, an ancient indian treatise on common moralities, has been given by.
Thirukkural,was written in tamil,a classic language of tamilnadu,south india by sri thiruvalluvar. Back of the book written nearly 2000 years ago by saint thiruvalluvar, the thirukkural is one of the earliest classics in tamil language. Very easy access to all 30 unique thirukkural in tamil language. However, the subdivisions beyond these three, as found in some surviving manuscripts and commentaries, are likely later additions because there are variations between these subtitles found in manuscripts and those in historical commentaries. Is it true that thirukural was written 2000 years ago. The thirukkural or the kural is a collection of 30 couplets organized into 3 chapters. Thirukkural in tamil, english written by thiruvalluvar.
I wanted to learn tamil, only to enable me to study valluvars thirukkural through his mother tongue itself. Works like charm on slow network connections as well. This is reflected in some of the other names by which the text is known. Recognising and retrieving the meaning of thirukkural from speech. Tolkappiyam divides various types of tamil poetic forms into two, namely, kuruvenpattu and neduvenpattu. Thirukural is a tamil ethical treatise that states the codes of right living.
The three parts that the kural is divided into, namely, a. Qualities of a country and a general section on the qualities of people and miscellaneous other aspects of wealth. There are three broad sections presented in the kural, namely aram righteousness or dharma, porul wealth or artha and inbam love or kama. Aug 05, 2016 the work is dated to sometime between the third and first centuries bce and is considered to precede manimekalai and silappatikaram, since they both acknowledge the kural text. What are some interesting facts about thiruvalluvar. May 24, 2019 the common belief on thirukkural is that it was written 2000 years back. Thirukkural is organised into three sections aramvirtue, porul realities of life and. It starts with the poem about god but still speaks about no religion. The thirukkural is a classical tamil sangam literature, penned by the famous. He did not deal with the liberation section because, if any man follows the instructions given by the tamil sage properly without a flaw, he will surely attain liberation without any special effort as such. Birth place is narrowed down to kanyakumari where he has got a statue now. In the same way, god is the origin, primemover of this world this is the first couplet of the first chapter of thirukkural. A study on the moral reforms of thiruvalluvar asian journal of. The first part deals with aram virtue, the moral value of human life.
This great work is the creation of thiruvalluvar who was a tamil poet. Kuruvenpattu came to be called kural pattu and, eventually, kural. Sacred coupletsalso spelled tirukural or thirukkural, also called. The name valluvan is a common name representing his caste or occupation rather than his proper name. Thirukkural is a combined word formed by joining the two words thiru and kural, i. He presented them in the three sections of the thirukkural, known respectively as arathuppaal, porutpaal and kaamathuppaal. Jan 06, 2008 thirukkural comes under one of the four categories of venpas tamil verses called kural venpa. Read fmily life, thirukural with meaning in english. Thirukkural expounds various aspects of life and is one of the most important works in tamil. The 3 adhikarams are divided into three major groups known as aram, porul and inbam. Dec 11, 2011 thirukkural is divided into three sections. Each couplet is called kural venba, a form of poetry in tamil.
Thiruvalluvar the great tamil sangam literature poet 2000. Tolkappiyam divides various types of tamil poetic forms into. The tirukkural, literally sacred verses, or shortly the kural, is a classic tamil language text consisting of 1,330 couplets or kurals. The text of tirukkural is divided into three major sections. Each athikaram consists of 10 kurals rhyming tamil couplets thus making 30 kurals in total. Jul 06, 2016 the tirukkural or thirukkural or shortly the kural, is a classic tamil sangam literature consisting of 30 couplets or kurals, dealing with the everyday virtues of an individual. There is a huge statue of thiruvalluvar showing his first three fingures. This is reflected in some of the other names by which the text is given by such as. We saw previously that concepts such as fairness and justice cut across one book to the other. A couplet or kural consists of seven cirs, with four cirs on the first line and three on the second. Again, thiruvasakam and thirumanthiram are tokens my dad looked up in the phone book. It is the book translated to most number of languages after bible.
You can find 30 poems with not even a single poem exceeding or decreasing 7 words. The first section has 38 chapters, second has 70 chapters and the third 25 chapters. Thirukural is a tamil treatise that states the codes of right living. These 3 sub divisions lie under 3 main divisions such as 1. The full name of my dad is thirukkural sivapuranam. Section one deals with aram doing things, with conscience and honor, for the good of the less fortunate, the second discusses porul realities or facts of life, and the third dwells on inbam the pleasures that a man and a woman experience in the course of their relationship. The incomparable thirukkural on courage and love tamil. A templelike memorial to thiruvalluvar, valluvar kottam, was built in chennai in 1976 there is a 3foot tall statue of thiruvalluvar erected at the southern tip of the indian subcontinent kanyakumari where the arabian sea, the bay of bengal, and the indian ocean converge, the 3 feet denote tirukku. Section one deals with aram doing things, with conscience and honour. Thirukkural is a classic tamil sangam literature consisting of 30 couplets or kurals. The 30 couplets are arranged into 3 main sections and 3 chapters. Mar 27, 2018 thiruvalluvar took up the first three of the fourfold objectspurposes of life, namely dharma, artha, kama and moksha virtue, wealth, love and liberation, as given by the vedic rishis.
Mar 08, 20 hey there, just stumbled upon this blog. It also commends to the reader a feeling of compassion for all individuals, regardless of caste or creed. Thirukkural project gutenberg selfpublishing ebooks. According to the lifco tamiltamilenglish dictionary, the tamil word kural means venpa verse with two. Thirukkural akara mudhala ezhutthellam adhi baghavan mudhatre ulagu ezhutthellam akara mudhala. Tirukkural is a work of 30 couplets each of which conforms to the structure of kural venba, a grammatical construction with two lines of four and three words respectively. Covering a whole gamut of occupations from a householder to a politician,from a businessman to a monk, thirukkural has it all. Every chapter has 10 couplets, each couplet has two lines. The common belief on thirukkural is that it was written 2000 years back. Thirukkural is written by thiruvalluvar more than 2000 years back in tamil language.
There is a 3foot tall statue of thiruvalluvar erected at the southern tip of the indian subcontinent kanyakumari where the arabian sea, the bay of bengal, and the indian ocean converge, the 3 feet denote tirukku. It is generally believed that the name thiruvalluvar consists of thiru a tamil word meaning honorable, similar to mr rather to the sankrit word shree4 and valluvar a polite name for valluvan, according to tamil tradition. A couplet consists of seven cirs, with four cirs on the first line and three on the second. The first of a three part series looking at a tamil treasure. Thirukkural comes under one of the four categories of venpas tamil verses called kural venpa. The eternal thirukkural thirukkural the brilliant tamil literary work can be called the treasure house of worldly knowledge. The work is arranged in 3 adhikarams, each with 10 couplets. The division into three parts muppal is probably the authors work. For example, thirukkural is a cir formed by combining the two words thiru and kural, i. Read in the section virtue, family life, kurals 41 to 50. Thirukkural in tamil, english written by thiruvalluvar with meaning. Thiru valluvar deals with the first three goals of human life and explains them in his great work tirukkural. Thirukkural is structured into 3 chapters, each containing 10 couplets, for a total of 30 couplets. Thirukkural in tamil, english written by thiruvalluvar with.
Each kural or couplet contains exactly seven words, known as cirs, with four cirs on the first line and three on the second, following the kural metre. The 3 chapters are grouped into three sections each kural or couplet contains exactly seven words. Section one deals with aram, good ethical behavior with conscience and honor right conduct, section two discusses porul, the right manner of conducting worldly affairs, and section three dwells on inbam, love between man and woman. The adhikarams in each section contain 10 couplets. Thirukkural on the virtues of vegetarianism maneka. The topic dealt with in each adhikaram has a title and the titles are listed below. Dear kannan, what you are doing is simply superb and awesome. The name thiruvalluvar is first mentioned in the 10th century in a text called thiruvalluvarmaalai.
For example, the term thirukkural is a cir formed by combining the two words thiru and ku. I am rethinking the uiux, making use of flash cards. The latin translation of thirukkural made by constanzo beschi in 1730 helped significantly to make known to european intellectuals the richness and beauty of tamil literature. Why should thirukkural be declared the national book of india. This is reflected in some of the other names by which the text is given by such as tamil marai tamil vedas. Thirukkural is one of the most revered ancient works in the tamil language. Tirukkural was originally known as muppaal, meaning three sectioned book, since it contained three sections aram, porul and inbam. Read in the section wealth, on listening to the wise, kurals 411 to 420. The 30 couplets are divided into 3 sections and 3 chapters. Holy kural thirukkural in tamil with english translations. Thirukkural also known as the kural is one of the most important works in the tamil language consisting of 30 couplets or kurals.